Проблема асертивності особистості спортсмена та ступінь його впевненості в собі
Анотація
У тому чи іншому вигляді проблему асертивності спортсмена, довіри до своїх здібностей і до себе можна виявити практично в будь-якій науковій теорії, яка так чи інакше стосується особистості. Той факт, що спортсмени відрізняються за ступенем впевненості в собі, цілком очевидний. Саме поняття «впевненість» існує в більшості мов світу, в деяких зустрічається кілька слів для позначення цієї якості особистості спортсмена. Однак як наукове поняття «асертивність» з’явилося у літературі порівняно недавно в зв’язку з завданнями підготовки спортсмена. Практика педагогічної корекції невпевненості створила основу для низки теоретичних узагальнень і концепцій упевненості в собі. У результаті до початку 70-х років сформувалося уявлення про впевненість як про багатокомпонентну характеристику людини, що включає в себе певні емоційні, поведінкові і когнітивні компоненти. Таким чином, асертивність є комплексною характеристикою особистості спортсмена, що включає в себе емоційний (позитивні почуття при перемозі, самоствердженні, задоволеності результатами спортивної діяльності та ін.), поведінковий (набір певних, ефективних в різних соціально-психологічних ситуаціях навичок впевненої поведінки), когнітивний (процеси самопрезентації, настанови, компоненти «я»-концепції), а також ціннісний компоненти (соціальність, зрілість). Під упевненістю в собі, як поведінкової характеристики асертивної особистості, розуміється здатність індивіда пред’являти вимоги і запити до себе і інших у взаємодії із соціальним оточенням, а також домагатися їх ефективного здійснення.
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